Zinc Carnosine Research
38 peer-reviewed studies · Evidence score: 8.5/10
Pharmacological interventions for preventing dry mouth and salivary gland dysfunction following radiotherapy
Riley P et al. • The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2017)
There is some low-quality evidence to suggest that amifostine prevents the feeling of dry mouth in people receiving radiotherapy to the head and neck (with or without chemotherapy) in the short- (end of radiotherapy) to medium-term (three months postradiotherapy).
- There is some low-quality evidence to suggest that amifostine prevents the feeling of dry mouth in people receiving radiotherapy to the head and neck (with or without chemotherapy) in the short- (end of radiotherapy) to medium-term (three months postradiotherapy).
- However, it is less clear whether or not this effect is sustained to 12 months postradiotherapy.
- The benefits of amifostine should be weighed against its high cost and side effects.
Efficacy and Safety of Polaprezinc-Based Therapy versus the Standard Triple Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Mahmoud A et al. • Nutrients (2022)
However, the evidence is still scarce, and larger trials are needed to confirm or refute our findings.
- We used the odds ratio (OR) for dichotomous outcomes presented with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI).
- Pooled OR found a statistical difference favoring the PZN arm in the intention to treat and per protocol H. pylori eradication rates (OR: 2.01 with 95% CI [1.27, 3.21], p = 0.003) and (OR: 2.65 with 95% CI [1.55, 4.54], p = 0.0004), respectively.
- We found no statistical difference between the two groups regarding the total adverse events (OR: 1.06 with 95% CI [0.55, 2.06], p = 0.85).
Effect of L-Carnosine in Patients with Age-Related Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Sureshkumar K et al. • Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) (2023)
Clinical studies were conducted to manage chemotherapy induced toxicities and there are no clinical studies available for its anti-cancer use, and the current evidence does not support its use in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
- Clinical studies were conducted to manage chemotherapy induced toxicities and there are no clinical studies available for its anti-cancer use, and the current evidence does not support its use in the treatment of cardiovascular disease.
- Published in Frontiers in bioscience (Landmark edition) (2023)
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Taste disorder's management: a systematic review
Braud A et al. • Clinical oral investigations (2020)
Improving oral hygiene may promote taste ability.
- Improving oral hygiene may promote taste ability.
- Zinc may prevent and alleviate taste disorder in patients undergoing head and neck radiotherapy.
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Efficacy and Safety of Polaprezinc (Zinc Compound) on Zinc Deficiency: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials Using Individual Patient Data
Furihata K et al. • Nutrients (2020)
The dose of 300 mg may be useful among patients with baseline serum zinc concentration of less than 70 µg/dL, and 150 mg for 70 µg/dL or more.
- The dose-combined overall polaprezinc increased the change from baseline by a mean of 9.08 µg/dL (95% confidence interval: 5.46, 12.70; heterogeneity: I2 = 0.61%) compared to the placebo.
- A significant dose-response relationship was confirmed (p < 0.001).
- Baseline serum zinc concentration was considered an effect modifier in polaprezinc 300 mg.
Zinc deficits, mucositis, and mucosal macrophage perturbation: is there a relationship?
Thomsen M et al. • Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care (2019)
Zinc effects on the thymic immunological network and T lymphocytes during chemoradiotherapy regimens also warrant further investigation.
- Meta-analysis examining Zinc Carnosine efficacy
- Published in Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care (2019)
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Efficacy and safety of polaprezinc in the treatment of gastric ulcer: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, positive-controlled clinical trial
Shen W et al. • Medical engineering & physics (2022)
These findings suggest that the efficacy and safety of polaprezinc were similar to those of rebamipide in the treatment of GU.
- For the primary efficacy endpoint, the effective rates confirmed by gastroscopy, after treatment for the test and control groups were 81.48% and 74.31% (P = 0.1557), respectively.
- After 4 and 8 weeks of treatments, both treatment groups had comparable improvements rates in gastrointestinal symptoms (test vs. control: 44.44% vs. 39.45% [P = 0.4559] and 81.48% vs. 77.06% [P = 0.4223]).
- These findings suggest that the efficacy and safety of polaprezinc were similar to those of rebamipide in the treatment of GU.
Polaprezinc combined with clarithromycin-based triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori-associated gastritis: A prospective, multicenter, randomized clinical trial
Tan B et al. • PloS one (2017)
It appears that standard dose polaprezinc combined with triple therapy can significantly improve the H. pylori eradication rate, without an increase in toxicity.
- Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis showed that the rate of H. pylori eradication was significantly higher for Arms A (77.0%) and B (75.9%) compared to Arm C (58.6%) (P < 0.01), whereas there was no difference between Arms A and B (P = 0.90).
- Per-protocol (PP) analysis showed that the rate of H. pylori eradication was significantly higher for Arms A (81.1%) and B (83.3%) compared to Arm C (61.4%) (P < 0.01), whereas there was no significant difference between Arms A and B (P = 0.62).
- The adverse event rate for Arm B (5.1%) was higher than for Arms A (2.8%) (P = 0.04) and C (1.9%) (P = 0.02).
Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Polaprezinc Granules Oral Administration in Healthy Chinese Volunteers Under Fasting and Fed Conditions
Xiao M et al. • Clinical and translational science (2025)
Clinical and Translational Science published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics.
- The geometric mean ratios (GMR) in primary PK endpoints between the test and reference products with 90% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.
- All 90% CIs of GMRs in Cmax, AUC0-t and AUC0-∞ between the two products were within 80.0%-125.0%.
- The generic and original polaprezinc granules were bioequivalent by pharmacokinetic comparisons in healthy Chinese subjects under fasting and fed conditions.
A randomised trial of topical polaprezinc to prevent oral mucositis in patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ToPaZ study)
Nakagaki M et al. • Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer (2023)
Topical polaprezinc had no effect in the prevention of OM in HSCT patients.
- There was no difference in the incidence of grades 3 to 4 OM (35% test arm versus 36% control arm).
- Topical polaprezinc had no effect in the prevention of OM in HSCT patients.
- Further research is required to evaluate the effects of systemic polaprezinc.
[The effect of zinc agent in 219 patients with zinc deficiency-inductive/ idiopathic taste disorder: a placebo controlled randomized study]
Ikeda M et al. • Nihon Jibiinkoka Gakkai kaiho (2013)
The present study also indicated that examining depressiveness based on the SDS scores and investigating disturbance of each taste quality using the filter-paper disk method are recommended for the diagnosis and determination of the treatment effect of a taste disorder.
- As a result, the zinc-treated arm experienced a statistically significant improvement against the placebo-treated arm in the perceptible threshold scores of the filter-paper disk method 8 weeks after the administration of the investigational drug.
- However, the effective ratios based on the initial criteria were 55.6% in the treatment group and 43.2% in the placebo, where no statistical significance was recorded.
- Whereas, in approximately 77%, or 168 patients with "normal" SDS scores and with completely impaired taste qualities, the ratio of effective cases reached 60.9% in the zinc-treated group, the ratio of the placebo-treated group reached 39.5%, resulting in a statistical significance.
A zinc-containing compound, Polaprezinc, is effective for patients with taste disorders: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multi-center study
Sakagami M et al. • Acta oto-laryngologica (2009)
The effect of a zinc-containing compound, Polaprezinc, was shown to clinically improve the disease conditions of idiopathic taste disorders with no serious side effects in a well controlled double-blinded clinical study.
- The group of patients given 68 mg zinc showed a significant improvement in their gustatory sensitivity compared with the placebo group.
- The effect of a zinc-containing compound, Polaprezinc, was shown to clinically improve the disease conditions of idiopathic taste disorders with no serious side effects in a well controlled double-blinded clinical study.
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Polaprezinc for prevention of oral mucositis in patients receiving chemotherapy followed by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A multi-institutional randomized controlled trial
Kitagawa J et al. • International journal of cancer (2021)
These findings suggest that PZ lozenge is effective for prophylaxis against Grade ≥2 oral mucositis associated with chemotherapy in patients undergoing HSCT without any influence on the HSCT outcome.© 2020 Union for International Cancer Control.
- The incidence of Grade ≥2 but not Grade ≥3 oral mucositis was significantly reduced in the prevention group compared to the control group (44.7% in control group vs 22.0% in the prevention group, P = .025).
- There were no significant differences in the incidence rates of other adverse events or the rate of engraftment (95.6% vs 97.2%, P = .693) between the two groups.
- A total of 91 patients were enrolled, and 88 patients (47 in the control group and 41 in the prevention group) were eligible for data analysis.
Oral zinc supplementation reduces the erythropoietin responsiveness index in patients on hemodialysis
Kobayashi H et al. • Nutrients (2015)
Zinc supplementation reduces ERI in patients undergoing HD and may be a novel therapeutic strategy for patients with renal anemia and low serum zinc levels.
- Serum zinc levels were significantly increased and serum copper levels were significantly decreased in the polaprezinc group after three months; this persisted throughout the study period.
- Although there was no significant change in the serum iron or transferrin saturation levels in the polaprezinc group during the study period, serum ferritin levels significantly decreased following polaprezinc treatment.
- Further, in the polaprezinc group, ESA dosage and ERI were significantly decreased at 10 months and nine months, respectively, as compared with the baseline value.
Comparison of the Efficacy of Polaprezinc Plus Proton Pump Inhibitor and Rebamipide Plus Proton Pump Inhibitor Treatments for Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection-induced Ulcers
Jung DH et al. • Journal of clinical gastroenterology (2021)
The polaprezinc plus PPI treatment showed noninferiority to rebamipide plus PPI treatment in the ulcer healing rate at 4 weeks after ESD.
- The short procedure time was an independent predictive factor for a high ulcer healing rate (odds ratio: 0.975; 95% confidence interval: 0.958-0.993; P=0.006).
- The polaprezinc plus PPI treatment showed noninferiority to rebamipide plus PPI treatment in the ulcer healing rate at 4 weeks after ESD.
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Comparison of zinc acetate hydrate and polaprezinc for zinc deficiency in patients on maintenance hemodialysis: A single-center, open-label, prospective randomized study
Okamoto T et al. • Therapeutic apheresis and dialysis : official peer-reviewed journal of the International Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Apheresis, the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy (2020)
Clinicians should note the stronger decline in serum copper levels when using ZAH for MHD patients.© 2019 International Society for Apheresis, Japanese Society for Apheresis, and Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy.
- Three months after the study, serum copper levels significantly decreased in the ZAH group, but not in the PPZ group.
- No significant differences were noted in anemia management in either group.
- ZAH was superior to PPZ in increasing serum zinc levels.
Pre-dialysis serum creatinine as an independent predictor of responsiveness to zinc supplementation among patients on hemodialysis
Okamoto T et al. • Clinical and experimental nephrology (2020)
Pre-dialysis SCre level was independently associated with responsiveness to zinc supplementation after three months in patients on MHD.
- IPTW multivariate analysis showed that a pre-dialysis SCre level ≥ 10.0 mg/dL (odds ratio, 3.71; 95% confidence interval; 1.24-11.1, P = 0.022) was an independent factor associated with a late response to zinc supplementation.
- Pre-dialysis SCre level was independently associated with responsiveness to zinc supplementation after three months in patients on MHD.
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Beneficial effect of polaprezinc on cardiac function post-myocardial infarction: A prospective and randomized clinical trial
Yoshikawa F et al. • Medicine (2019)
The results of the present study suggest that polaprezinc has an anti-inflammatory effect and improves cardiac function after AMI.
- The mean interleukin-6/maximal creatine phosphokinase level was significantly reduced in the polaprezinc group (0.024 [0.003-0.066] vs. 0.076 [0.015-0.212], respectively; P = .045).
- In addition, echocardiography revealed that the ejection fraction of the nonpolaprezinc group was not significantly increased between day 3 and 9 months post-AMI (53 [49-60.8] vs. 59.5 [52-69.3], respectively; P = .015).
- However, a significant increase was detected in the ejection fraction of the polaprezinc group at the 2 time points (54 [51-57] vs. 62 [55-71], respectively; P < .01).
Zinc supplementation influences genomic stability biomarkers, antioxidant activity, and zinc transporter genes in an elderly Australian population with low zinc status
Sharif R et al. • Molecular nutrition & food research (2015)
Zn supplementation may have a beneficial effect in an elderly population with low Zn levels by improving Zn status, antioxidant profile, and lowering DNA damage.
- Plasma Zn was significantly increased (p < 0.05) by 5.69% in the Zn supplemented group after 12 weeks.
- A significant (p < 0.05) decrease in the micronucleus frequency (-24.18%) was observed for the Zn supplemented cohort relative to baseline compared to the placebo group.
- Reductions of -7.09% for tail moment and -8.76% for tail intensity were observed for the Zn group (relative to baseline) (p < 0.05).
Zinc carnosine works with bovine colostrum in truncating heavy exercise-induced increase in gut permeability in healthy volunteers
Davison G et al. • The American journal of clinical nutrition (2016)
ZnC, taken alone or with colostrum, increased epithelial resistance and the TJ structure and may have value for athletes and in the prevention of heat stroke in military personnel.
- Body temperature increased 2°C, and gut permeability (5-h urinary lactulose:rhamnose ratios) increased 3-fold after exercise (from 0.32 ± 0.016 baseline to 1.0 ± 0.017 at 14 d; P < 0.01).
- ZnC or colostrum truncated the rise by 70% after 14 d of treatment.
- The combination treatment gave an additional benefit, and truncated exercise induced increase at 2 d (30% reduction; P < 0.01).