Thiamine Research
47 peer-reviewed studies · Evidence score: 9/10
Effect of nutritional interventions on the psychological symptoms of premenstrual syndrome in women of reproductive age: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Robinson J et al. • Nutrition reviews (2025)
There is some evidence to support the use of nutritional interventions for improving psychological symptoms of PMS.
- There is some evidence to support the use of nutritional interventions for improving psychological symptoms of PMS.
- However, more research using consistent protocols, procedures to minimize risk of bias, intention-to-treat analysis, and clearer reporting is required to provide conclusive nutritional recommendations for improving PMS-related psychological outcomes.
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Efficacy of B-vitamins and vitamin D therapy in improving depressive and anxiety disorders: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Borges-Vieira JG et al. • Nutritional neuroscience (2023)
As for anxiety symptoms, the availability of results is limited to adjuvant vitamin D therapy.
- Systematic review examining Methylfolate efficacy
- Published in Nutritional neuroscience (2023)
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Effect of intravenous thiamine administration on critically ill patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Nakanishi N et al. • Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) (2024)
Although thiamine administration may reduce shock state, it may not reduce mortality, and slightly increases the length of ICU stay.
- Conversely, thiamine administration resulted in a slight increase in the length of ICU stay (MD, 0.40 days; 95% CI, 0.01-0.79 days; High CoE).
- Although thiamine administration may reduce shock state, it may not reduce mortality, and slightly increases the length of ICU stay.
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Efficacy and Safety of Hydrocortisone, Ascorbic Acid, and Thiamine Combination Therapy for the Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomised Controlled Trials
Deng J et al. • International archives of allergy and immunology (2024)
HAT appears beneficial in reducing vasopressor use and improving organ function in sepsis/septic shock patients.
- At 72 h, HAT reduced SOFA scores from baseline (mean difference [MD] -1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.58 to -0.74, I2 = 0%) compared to placebo/SoC, based on moderate quality of evidence.
- HAT also reduced the duration of vasopressor use (MD -18.80 h, 95% CI: -23.67 to -13.93, I2 = 64%) compared to placebo/SoC, based on moderate quality of evidence.
- HAT increased hospital LOS (MD 2.05 days, 95% CI: 0.15-3.95, I2 = 57%) compared to placebo/SoC, based on very low quality of evidence.
Hydrocortisone Combined with Vitamin C and Thiamine in the Treatment of Sepsis/Septic Shock: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis
Lu D et al. • Clinical and investigative medicine. Medecine clinique et experimentale (2023)
HVT regimen did not reduce the mortality of patients with sepsis/septic shock and was not associated with a significant improvement in outcomes.
- Meta-analysis showed that HVT regimen did not reduce all-cause (RR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.83 - 1.11, P=0.60), hospital (RR=1.03, 95% CI: 0.83 - 1.27, P=0.80) or intensive care unit (ICU) mortalities (RR=1.05, 95% CI: 0.86 - 1.28, P=0.65).
- HVT regimen did not reduce the mortality of patients with sepsis/septic shock and was not associated with a significant improvement in outcomes.
- The TSA result showed that more RCTs with high quality and large sample sizes are needed to further confirm the results.
The outcome of IV vitamin C therapy in patients with sepsis or septic shock: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Liang B et al. • Critical care (London, England) (2023)
In this meta-analysis, IVVC in sepsis or septic shock patients significantly improved delta SOFA score and reduced the duration of vasopressor use, whereas it was not associated with reduction in short-term mortality and had higher adverse events.
- Treatment with IVVC was not shown to improve short-term mortality (OR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.77 to 1.04; p = 0.14); nevertheless, dose at 25-100 mg/kg/d subgroup associated with a significant reduction in short-term mortality (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.65 to 0.97; p = 0.03).
- An increase adverse event was observed in IVVC therapy (OR, 1.98; 95% CI, 1.06 to 3.68; p = 0.03).
- In this meta-analysis, IVVC in sepsis or septic shock patients significantly improved delta SOFA score and reduced the duration of vasopressor use, whereas it was not associated with reduction in short-term mortality and had higher adverse events.
B1 Vitamin Deficiency After Bariatric Surgery, Prevalence, and Symptoms: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Bahardoust M et al. • Obesity surgery (2022)
The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.
- Twenty-seven percent of patients who underwent bariatric surgeries experience vitamin B1 deficiency.
- A total of 11 studies examining 1494 patients were included in this meta-analysis.
- Thiamine supplements should be prescribed for the patients for the rest of their lives, and also standard post-surgery follow-ups are necessary in terms of monitoring dietary factors.© 2022.
Effect of adjunctive vitamin C, glucocorticoids, and vitamin B1 on longer-term mortality in adults with sepsis or septic shock: a systematic review and a component network meta-analysis
Fujii T et al. • Intensive care medicine (2022)
This meta-analysis examined the effects of Thiamine.
- Adding glucocorticoid to other treatments shortened duration of vasopressor therapy (incremental mean difference, - 29.8 h [95% CI - 44.1 to - 15.5]) and ICU stay (incremental mean difference, - 1.3 days [95% CI - 2.2 to - 0.3]).
- We did not find any evidence that vitamin C or B1 affect organ dysfunction or ICU length of stay.
- Metabolic resuscitation with vitamin C, glucocorticoids, vitamin B1, or combinations of these drugs was not significantly associated with a decrease in longer-term mortality.© 2021.
Diagnosis and treatment of Wernicke's encephalopathy: A systematic literature review
Cantu-Weinstein A et al. • General hospital psychiatry (2024)
IV thiamine can alleviate neurological symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, and brain imaging lesions associated with WE.
- Of the case reports, 11 (55%) cases were female, and the average age of all cases was 45 years (SD = 15).
- The other seven studies included 688 patients; the average age was 52 years (SD = 9), and 266 (38.7%) were female.
- Among the case reports, neurological and clinical findings were used to diagnose WE in 16 (80%) cases.
Dietary supplements for dysmenorrhoea
Pattanittum P et al. • The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2016)
There is no high quality evidence to support the effectiveness of any dietary supplement for dysmenorrhoea, and evidence of safety is lacking.
- Supplements versus other supplementsThere was no evidence of a difference in effectiveness between ginger and zinc sulphate (MD 0.02 points, 95% CI -0.58 to 0.62; one RCT, 101 women).
- Vitamin B1 may be more effective than fish oil (MD -1.59 points, 95% CI -2.25 to -0.93; one RCT, 120 women).
- There is no high quality evidence to support the effectiveness of any dietary supplement for dysmenorrhoea, and evidence of safety is lacking.
Thiamine deficiency and supplementation in critically ill patients: A systematic review
Woolum JA et al. • Journal of Critical Care (2018)
Thiamine deficiency is highly prevalent in ICU patients and supplementation may reduce lactate levels and improve clinical outcomes.
- Thiamine deficiency prevalence ranged from 20-70% in critically ill patients
- IV thiamine reduced lactate levels more rapidly than placebo in deficient patients
- Early thiamine supplementation may reduce need for renal replacement therapy
Does thiamine supplementation affect heart failure? A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials
Syed ARS et al. • Heart & lung : the journal of critical care (2023)
To conclude, except for heart rate, thiamine supplementation had no effect on the outcomes of heart failure patients.
- To conclude, except for heart rate, thiamine supplementation had no effect on the outcomes of heart failure patients.
- Published in Heart & lung : the journal of critical care (2023)
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Episodic Ataxias: Primary and Secondary Etiologies, Treatment, and Classification Approaches
Hassan A • Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) (2023)
Primary and secondary EA are frequently treatable which should prompt a search for the cause.
- Systematic review examining Biotin efficacy
- Published in Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) (2023)
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Effect of vitamin B1 supplementation on blood creatinine and lactate levels and clinical outcomes in patients in intensive care units: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Karimi E et al. • Nutrition reviews (2024)
This meta-analysis provides evidence that thiamine supplementation has a protective effect against blood creatinine increase in ICU patients.
- However, there was no statistically significant difference in the lactate level between the thiamine supplementation and placebo groups (P = .26).
- This meta-analysis provides evidence that thiamine supplementation has a protective effect against blood creatinine increase in ICU patients.
- However, further high-quality trials are needed to discover the effect of thiamine supplementation on clinical and biochemical outcomes in ICU patients.
Wernicke's Encephalopathy in Acute and Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review
Oudman E et al. • Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation (2024)
All rights reserved.
- Parenteral thiamine 500 mg 3 times per day often led to full recovery, while Korsakoff's syndrome was found in those receiving low doses.
- To prevent WE in kidney failure, we suggest administering high doses of parenteral thiamine in patients with kidney disease who present with severe malnutrition and (prodromal) signs of thiamine deficiency.Copyright © 2023 The Authors.
- Published by Elsevier Inc.
Association between diabetes and thiamine status - A systematic review and meta-analysis
Ziegler D et al. • Metabolism: clinical and experimental (2023)
Diabetes is associated with lower levels of various thiamine markers, suggesting that individuals with diabetes may have higher thiamine requirements than those without diabetes, but well-designed studies are required to confirm these findings.
- Compared to controls, individuals with diabetes showed lower concentrations of thiamine (pooled estimate SMD [95 % CI]: -0.97 [-1.89, -0.06]), thiamine monophosphate (-1.16 [-1.82, -0.50]), and total thiamine compounds (-1.01 [-1.48, -0.54]).
- Diabetes is associated with lower levels of various thiamine markers, suggesting that individuals with diabetes may have higher thiamine requirements than those without diabetes, but well-designed studies are required to confirm these findings.
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Association between neuropathy and B-vitamins: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Stein J et al. • European journal of neurology (2021)
PN is associated with lowered plasma vitamin B12 and elevated methylmalonic acid and homocysteine.
- B12 treatment (vs. the comparators) showed a non-significant association with symptom improvement (1.36 (0.66-2.79), n = 4, I2 = 28.9%).
- Treatment with B1 was associated with a significant improvement in symptoms (5.34 [1.87-15.19], n = 3, I2 = 64.6%, p = 0.059).
- Analysis of seven trials combined showed a non-significant higher odds ratio for improvement under treatment with the B-vitamins (2.58 [0.98-6.79], I2 = 80.0%, p < 0.001).
Vitamin Supplementation and Dementia: A Systematic Review
Gil Martínez V et al. • Nutrients (2022)
The findings of this systematic review suggest that supplementation of B Complex vitamins, especially folic acid, may have a positive effect on delaying and preventing the risk of cognitive decline.
- The findings of this systematic review suggest that supplementation of B Complex vitamins, especially folic acid, may have a positive effect on delaying and preventing the risk of cognitive decline.
- Ascorbic acid and a high dose of vitamin E, when given separately, also showed positive effects on cognitive performance, but there is not sufficient evidence to support their use.
- The results of vitamin D supplementation trials are not conclusive in assessing the potential benefits that vitamin D might have on cognition.
Vasoplegic syndrome after cardiovascular surgery: A review of pathophysiology and outcome-oriented therapeutic management
Datt V et al. • Journal of cardiac surgery (2021)
Currently, the VPS is frequently encountered (9%-40%) in cardiac surgical patients with predisposing patient-specific risk factors and combined with inflammatory response to CPB.
- Despite the recent advances in therapy, the mortality remains as high as 30%-50%.
- It effectively increases vascular tone and lowers CO, and significantly decreases the 30 days mortality.
- MB significantly reduces morbidity and mortality of VPS.
Determining the Role of Thiamine Deficiency in Systolic Heart Failure: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review
Jain A et al. • Journal of cardiac failure (2015)
Thiamine deficiency is more prevalent in the HF population, and its supplementation may be beneficial.
- TD is more common in HF patients than control subjects (odds ratio 2.53, 95% confidence interval 1.65-3.87).
- Thiamine deficiency is more prevalent in the HF population, and its supplementation may be beneficial.
- The therapeutic role of thiamine in HF warrants further study.