Serrapeptase Research
18 peer-reviewed studies · Evidence score: 7/10
Treatments for breast engorgement during lactation
Zakarija-Grkovic I et al. • The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2020)
Although some interventions may be promising for the treatment of breast engorgement, such as cabbage leaves, cold gel packs, herbal compresses, and massage, the certainty of evidence is low and we cannot draw robust conclusions about their true effects.
- For breast hardness, cold cabbage leaves may be more effective than routine care (MD -0.58 VAS points, 95% CI -0.82 to -0.34; 152 women; low-certainty evidence).
- For breast engorgement, room temperature cabbage leaves may be more effective than a hot water bag (MD -1.16 points on 1-6 scale, 95% CI -1.36 to -0.96; 63 women; very low-certainty evidence).
- More women were satisfied with cold cabbage leaves than with routine care (risk ratio (RR) 1.42, 95% CI 1.22 to 1.64; 152 women; low certainty), or with cold gel packs (RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.38; 152 women; low-certainty evidence).
Advances and challenges in serratiopeptidase topical formulation
Patil SD et al. • Annales pharmaceutiques francaises (2024)
All rights reserved.
- Serratiopeptidase topical formulations could be more effective than nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications in treating local inflammation.
- This article reviews studies on various topical formulations.Copyright © 2024 Académie Nationale de Pharmacie.
- Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.
An up-to-date review of biomedical applications of serratiopeptidase and its biobetter derivatives as a multi-potential metalloprotease
Hosseini SB et al. • Archives of microbiology (2024)
The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
- To overcome such limitations, improved versions of the enzyme were introduced using protein engineering in our previous studies.
- Novel functional serratiopeptidases with shorter length and higher stability have seemingly created a hope for using this enzyme as a more effective therapeutic enzyme.
- The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.
Serratiopeptidase: An integrated View of Multifaceted Therapeutic Enzyme
Nair SR et al. • Biomolecules (2022)
In addition, the review highlights the therapeutic and clinical aspects of the serratiopeptidase enzyme to combat COVID-19-induced respiratory syndrome.
- Existing serratiopeptidase treatments in combination with antibiotics are popular in the treatment of postoperative swelling.
- Although an exclusive number of serratiopeptidase-producing strains have been derived, there is an urge for new recombinant strains to enhance the production of the enzyme.
- This review explores the properties of serratiopeptidase, different therapeutic aspects, industrial production, and various analytical techniques used in enzyme recovery.
Fibrinolytic Enzymes for Thrombolytic Therapy
Kumar SS et al. • Advances in experimental medicine and biology (2019)
Reported enzymes from various sources with potential to be used as cardiovascular therapeutic is also discussed here.
- Inability of plasma fibrinolytic system demands better thrombolytic drugs.
- Major thrombolytic enzymes belonging to plasminogen activators and plasmin like enzymes.
- Currently used fibrinolytic enzymes and their limitations are revisited in the present chapter.
The biotechnological potential of fibrinolytic enzymes in the dissolution of endogenous blood thrombi
Kotb E • Biotechnology progress (2014)
This review is the first to cover all the natural and recombinant thrombolytic agents used in enzyme therapy.© 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers.
- According to data provided by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2000, heart diseases are responsible for 29% of the total mortality rate in the world.
- Furthermore, recombinant DNA technology has succeeded in improving and decreasing the undesirable effects of the first generation of enzymes.
- This review is the first to cover all the natural and recombinant thrombolytic agents used in enzyme therapy.© 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers.
Serratiopeptidase: a systematic review of the existing evidence
Bhagat S et al. • International journal of surgery (London, England) (2013)
Serratiopeptidase is being used in many clinical specialities for its anti-inflammatory, anti-edemic and analgesic effects.
- Serratiopeptidase is being used in many clinical specialities for its anti-inflammatory, anti-edemic and analgesic effects.
- It is even being promoted as a health supplement to prevent cardiovascular morbidity.
- The existing scientific evidence for Serratiopeptidase is insufficient to support its use as an analgesic and health supplement.
Serrapeptase: A systematic review
Bhagat S et al. • SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine (2020)
Evidence supports anti-inflammatory effects but more trials needed.
- Anti-inflammatory effects
- Benefits in various conditions
- More research warranted
Efficacy of serratiopeptidase after impacted third molar surgery: a randomized controlled clinical trial
Tamimi Z et al. • BMC oral health (2021)
Serratiopeptidase resulted in better inflammation improvement than placebo over 5 days.
- In this clinical trail 133 patients (mean age 23 years, 54% female) completed the study.
- Serratiopeptidase resulted in better inflammation improvement than placebo over 5 days.
- Further studies are warranted to assess longer-term and clinical outcomes, as well as safety.
Comparison of the roles of serratiopeptidase and dexamethasone in the control of inflammation and trismus following impacted third molar surgery
Murugesan K et al. • Indian journal of dental research : official publication of Indian Society for Dental Research (2012)
The results showed dexamethazone was more effective in reduction of swelling and pain in comparison with serratiopaptidase.
- The results showed dexamethazone was more effective in reduction of swelling and pain in comparison with serratiopaptidase.
- Both dexamethazone and serratiopaptidase had the same effect on trismus.
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
A Randomized, Clinical Trial to Evaluate Efficacy and Tolerability of Trypsin:Chymotrypsin as Compared to Serratiopeptidase and Trypsin:Bromelain:Rutoside in Wound Management
Chandanwale A et al. • Advances in therapy (2017)
TC provides a better resolution of symptoms of inflammation after orthopedic surgery as compared to S and TBR, thus facilitating better wound healing.
- In the TC group, erythema was significantly reduced from 3.44 on day 3 to 1.16 on day 10 (p < 0.01).
- In addition TC showed significant reduction in pain on the VAS scale (p < 0.01).
- Global assessment of response to therapy for efficacy and tolerability was reported to be good to excellent in 88% and 92% of the patients on TC as compared to 12% and 8% with S and 12% and 8% with TBR.
A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study comparing the efficacy and safety of paracetamol, serratiopeptidase, ibuprofen and betamethasone using the dental impaction pain model
Chopra D et al. • International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery (2009)
Mild-to-moderate adverse effects were reported.
- Trismus was least with betamethasone.
- A significant rise in temperature on the operated side occurred only on day 1 in all the groups.
- Serratiopeptidase did not showed significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory action.
Dual controlled release, in situ gelling periodontal sol of metronidazole benzoate and serratiopeptidase: statistical optimization and mechanistic evaluation
Kumari N et al. • Current drug delivery (2012)
The developed optimized sol was satisfactory in terms of taste, syringeability, palatability and incorporation of serratiopeptidase as anti-inflammatory agent, has the potential of developing a therapeutically efficacious system for treatment of periodontal inflammatory anaerobic infections.
- The dispersion characteristics of poloxamer significantly affected the pharmacotechnical properties of the in situ gelling systems.
- Extra design checkpoint generated using Design Expert software 8.02 (Stat-Ease, USA) validated the experimental design.
- Thus a thermoreversible, in situ gelling and syringeable periodontal sol with acceptable taste characteristics that offered controlled release of metronidazole benzoate and serratiopeptidase was developed for application into the periodontal pocket.
Detection of 90K/MAC-2BP in the seminal plasma of infertile males with accessory gland infection and the autoimmune pathogenetic hypothesis
Caroppo E et al. • Journal of andrology (2006)
However, the clinical utility of a 90K assay in these patients remains uncertain, as its level is not predictive of response to treatment.
- After treatment, seminal 90K level significantly increased in patients compared to controls.
- Twenty-two patients responded to treatment (44%), while 28 were nonresponders (56%).
- Thirteen patients (26%) had identifiable bacteriospermia: significantly less pretreatment seminal 90K was observed compared to patients without bacteriospermia.
Effect of the proteolytic enzyme serrapeptase on swelling, pain and trismus after surgical extraction of mandibular third molars
Al-Khateeb TH et al. • International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery (2008)
There was a significant reduction in the extent of cheek swelling and pain intensity in the serrapeptase group at the 2nd, 3rd and 7th postoperative days (P<0.05), but no significant difference in mean maximal interincisal distance was found between the 2 groups (P>0.05).
- There was a significant reduction in the extent of cheek swelling and pain intensity in the serrapeptase group at the 2nd, 3rd and 7th postoperative days (P<0.05), but no significant difference in mean maximal interincisal distance was found between the 2 groups (P>0.05).
- Cheek thickness, pain and interincisal distance were measured preoperatively, and on the 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 7th postoperative days.
- Cheek thickness and maximum interincisal distance were measured using calipers.
Development of tetracycline-serratiopeptidase-containing periodontal gel: formulation and preliminary clinical study
Maheshwari M et al. • AAPS PharmSciTech (2006)
Various clinical parameters confirmed the acceptability and efficiency of this gel system.
- A 20% wt/wt pluronic gel was prepared on a weight basis using the cold method.
- Addition of Aerosil to the gel favored hexagonal phase formation.
- Viscosity and bioadhesivity increased with an increase in the concentration of Aerosil.
Serrapeptase After Liposuction for Lipedema: Limited Evidence for Antifibrotic Efficacy
Bruno A et al. • Aesthetic plastic surgery (2026)
Oral serrapeptase supplementation did not demonstrate measurable efficacy in preventing postoperative fibrosis or improving patient-reported outcomes following liposuction for lipedema.
- No statistically significant differences were observed in the primary outcome of tissue stiffness at 4 weeks (14.8 ± 3.1 kPa vs. 15.2 ± 3.0 kPa; p = 0.62) or 3 months (13.7 ± 2.9 kPa vs. 14.0 ± 3.2 kPa; p = 0.78).
- Oral serrapeptase supplementation did not demonstrate measurable efficacy in preventing postoperative fibrosis or improving patient-reported outcomes following liposuction for lipedema.
- These findings do not support its routine use in this clinical setting.
Comparison of the action of different proteases on virulence properties related to the staphylococcal surface
Artini M et al. • Journal of applied microbiology (2013)
The effect of tested proteases on biofilm formation was not related to the protease category but was strain-dependent and was related to the biofilm formation capacity of each staphylococcal strain.
- The effect of tested proteases on biofilm formation was not related to the protease category but was strain-dependent and was related to the biofilm formation capacity of each staphylococcal strain.
- Some proteases showed a nonspecific and indiscriminate effect on surface proteins, while others induced a discrete and reproducible action on protein profiles.
- Further research warranted to confirm findings