Glycine Research
39 peer-reviewed studies · Evidence score: 8.5/10
Metabolomics and Type 2 Diabetes Risk: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies
Morze J et al. • Diabetes care (2022)
Several plasma and serum metabolites, including amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, are associated with type 2 diabetes risk.
- Several plasma and serum metabolites, including amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates, are associated with type 2 diabetes risk.
- Published in Diabetes care (2022)
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Systematic review and meta-analysis: Evaluating the influence of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy on obstetric and neonatal outcomes
Huang X et al. • PloS one (2024)
Our results confirm the adverse effects of ICP on co-existing pregnancy complications, obstetric and neonatal outcomes.
- There was a significant association between ICP and odds of C-section (OR: 1.42, p <0.001), preeclampsia (OR: 2.64, p <0.001), NICU admission (OR: 2.1, p <0.001), and pre-term birth (OR: 2.64, p <0.001).
- ICP was not associated with postpartum hemmorhage (OR: 1.31, p = 0.13), small for gestational age (OR: 0.87, p = 0.07), stillbirth (OR: 1.49, p = 0.29).
- Our results confirm the adverse effects of ICP on co-existing pregnancy complications, obstetric and neonatal outcomes.
Metabolomics in Prediabetes and Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Guasch-Ferré M et al. • Diabetes care (2016)
In studies using high-throughput metabolomics, several blood amino acids appear to be consistently associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
- Glycine and glutamine were inversely associated with type 2 diabetes risk (0.89 [0.81-0.96] and 0.85 [0.82-0.89], respectively; both I(2) = 0.0%).
- In studies using high-throughput metabolomics, several blood amino acids appear to be consistently associated with the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Efficacy and cognitive effect of sarcosine (N-methylglycine) in patients with schizophrenia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of double-blind randomised controlled trials
Chang CH et al. • Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) (2020)
The meta-analysis suggests that sarcosine may be associated with treatment effect on overall clinical symptoms in patients with schizophrenia but not cognitive functions.
- Sarcosine use achieved more significant effects than the use of its comparators in relieving overall clinical symptoms (SMD = 0.51, CI = 0.26-0.76, p < 0.01).
- Moreover, studies with the low Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale range of 70-79 showed significant effect size (ES)s of 0.67 (95% CI: 0.03-1.31, p = 0.04).
- In addition, trials enrolling patients with stable clinical symptoms had significant ESs: 0.53 (95% CI: 0.21-0.85, p < 0.01).
Tolerability of different oral iron supplements: a systematic review
Cancelo-Hidalgo MJ et al. • Current medical research and opinion (2013)
Extended-release ferrous sulfate with mucoproteose appears to be the best tolerated of the different oral iron supplements evaluated.
- Ferrous sulfate with mucoproteose had the lowest incidence of AEs (4.1% for overall AEs, 3.7% for gastrointestinal AEs [GAEs]) and was used as the reference supplement in the regression model.
- The differences in incidence of AEs between extended-release ferrous sulfate with mucoproteose and all other supplements except iron protein succinylate were statistically significant at p < 0.001.
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
The effect of glycine administration on the characteristics of physiological systems in human adults: A systematic review
Soh J et al. • GeroScience (2024)
This systematic-review examined the effects of Glycine.
- The nervous system demonstrated the most positive effects, including improved psychiatric symptoms from longer-term glycine administration in psychiatric populations.
- While longer-term glycine administration improved sleep in healthy populations, these studies had small sample sizes with a high risk of bias.
- Larger and long-term studies with more robust study designs in healthy populations to examine the effects of glycine administration on preventing, delaying or reversing the ageing process are warranted.© 2023.
Metabolomics of Osteoporosis in Humans: A Systematic Review
Lau KT et al. • Current osteoporosis reports (2023)
On the other hand, given that metabolomics could be affected by genetics and environmental factors, whether the inconsistent association of the metabolites with BMD is due to the interaction between metabolites and genes and/or lifestyle warrants further study.
- Systematic review examining Glycine efficacy
- Published in Current osteoporosis reports (2023)
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
The glutamatergic system in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review with meta-analysis
Soares C et al. • Molecular psychiatry (2024)
The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.
- Pooled effect sizes were determined with standardized mean differences (SMD), random effects adjusted by false discovery rate, and heterogeneity was examined by I2 statistics.
- Other parameters studied were not altered.
- Our findings show depletion of the glutamatergic system and emphasize the importance of understanding glutamate-mediated neurotoxicity in AD.
Association Between Human Metabolomics and Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Song L et al. • Archives of medical research (2024)
This study identified histidine, methionine, asparagine, hypoxanthine, and glycine as significantly correlated with RA, thus offering the potential for the advancement of biomarker discovery and the elucidation of disease mechanisms in RA.
- This study identified histidine, methionine, asparagine, hypoxanthine, and glycine as significantly correlated with RA, thus offering the potential for the advancement of biomarker discovery and the elucidation of disease mechanisms in RA.
- Published in Archives of medical research (2024)
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Metabolomics of head and neck cancer in biofluids: an integrative systematic review
Chuchueva N et al. • Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society (2023)
The present work highlights utility of metabolite-based biomarkers for risk assessment, early detection, and prognostication of HNC, as well as facilitates incorporation of available metabolomics studies into multi-omics data integration and big data analytics for personalized health.
- The present work highlights utility of metabolite-based biomarkers for risk assessment, early detection, and prognostication of HNC, as well as facilitates incorporation of available metabolomics studies into multi-omics data integration and big data analytics for personalized health.
- Published in Metabolomics : Official journal of the Metabolomic Society (2023)
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Effect of Acute and Chronic Oral l-Carnitine Supplementation on Exercise Performance Based on the Exercise Intensity: A Systematic Review
Mielgo-Ayuso J et al. • Nutrients (2021)
However, chronic or acute l-C or GPL-C supplementation did not present improvements on moderate exercise performance.
- The main aim of the present systematic review was to determine the effects of oral l-C supplementation on moderate- (50-79% V˙O2 max) and high-intensity (≥80% V˙O2 max) exercise performance and to show the effective doses and ideal timing of its intake.
- Out of those, three measured the effect of an acute supplementation, and three described the effect of a chronic supplementation, but no significant improvements on performance were found.
- On the other hand, the effects of l-C supplementation on moderate exercise performance variables were observed in six studies.
Metabolite signature of human malignant thyroid tissue: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Razavi SA et al. • Cancer medicine (2024)
It appears that the field of TC metabolomics will experience notable advancement, leading to the discovery of trustworthy diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
- It appears that the field of TC metabolomics will experience notable advancement, leading to the discovery of trustworthy diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
- Published in Cancer medicine (2024)
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
SGLT2 Inhibition, Choline Metabolites, and Cardiometabolic Diseases: A Mediation Mendelian Randomization Study
Xu M et al. • Diabetes care (2022)
Our study identified the causal roles of SGLT2 inhibition in choline metabolites.
- Total choline (OR 0.78 [95% CI 0.68, 0.89]) and phosphatidylcholine (OR 0.81 [0.72, 0.91]) were associated with T2D but not with CAD, while glycine was associated with CAD (0.94 [0.91, 0.98]) but not with T2D.
- Our study identified the causal roles of SGLT2 inhibition in choline metabolites.
- SGLT2 inhibition may influence T2D and CAD through different choline metabolites.
Role of Phytoestrogen-Rich Bioactive Substances (Linum usitatissimum L., Glycine max L., Trifolium pratense L.) in Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in Postmenopausal Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Błaszczuk A et al. • Nutrients (2022)
This meta-analysis provides evidence that consuming flaxseed, soy and red clover can have a beneficial effect on lipids in postmenopausal women and suggest a favorable effect in preventing cardiovascular diseases.
- The effect of soy protein on the lipid profile showed a significant decrease in TC levels: WMD = -0.15; 95% CI: -0.25-0.05; p = 0.0048, LDL-C levels: WMD = -0.15; 95% CI: -0.25-0.05; p = 0.0067, as well as a significant increase in HDL-C levels: WMD = 0.05; 95% CI: 0.02-0.08; p = 0.0034.
- Changes in the lipid profile showed a significant reduction in TC levels after the use of red clover (WMD = -0.11; 95% CI: -0.18--0.04; p = 0.0017) and a significant increase in HDL-C levels (WMD = 0.04; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.07; p = 0.0165).
- This meta-analysis provides evidence that consuming flaxseed, soy and red clover can have a beneficial effect on lipids in postmenopausal women and suggest a favorable effect in preventing cardiovascular diseases.
Tics in patients with encephalitis
Badenoch J et al. • Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology (2021)
Tics were most commonly reported in the post-encephalitic period and involvement of the basal ganglia was frequently observed.
- Systematic review examining Glycine efficacy
- Published in Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology (2021)
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Childhood onset of stiff-man syndrome
Clardy SL et al. • JAMA neurology (2013)
Childhood-onset SMS is a rare but underrecognized and treatable disorder.
- We identified 8 patients with childhood-onset SMS, representing 5% of patients with SMS evaluated at Mayo Clinic during a period of 29 years (4 were girls).
- Childhood-onset SMS is a rare but underrecognized and treatable disorder.
- Serological and electrophysiological testing aid diagnosis.
Metabolomics Signatures in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Integrative Analysis
Sun Y et al. • The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (2020)
Several metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with T2D have been identified, which provide valuable biomarkers and novel targets for prevention and drug therapy.
- Several metabolites and metabolic pathways associated with T2D have been identified, which provide valuable biomarkers and novel targets for prevention and drug therapy.
- Published in The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism (2020)
- Further research warranted to confirm findings
Plasma Amino Acid Neurotransmitters and Ischemic Stroke Prognosis: A Multicenter Prospective Study
Zhu Z et al. • The American journal of clinical nutrition (2023)
Increased glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and gamma-aminobutyric acid and decreased glycine in plasma are associated with adverse outcomes after ischemic stroke, suggesting that plasma amino acid neurotransmitters may be potential intervention targets for improving prognosis of ischemic stroke.
- Addition of the 4 plasma amino acid neurotransmitters to conventional risk factors significantly improved the risk reclassification, as evidenced by integrated discrimination improvement and net reclassification improvement (all P < 0.05).
- Increased glutamic acid, aspartic acid, and gamma-aminobutyric acid and decreased glycine in plasma are associated with adverse outcomes after ischemic stroke, suggesting that plasma amino acid neurotransmitters may be potential intervention targets for improving prognosis of ischemic stroke.
- The CATIS trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (registration number: NCT01840072; URL: ===https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01840072?cond=NCT01840072&draw=2&rank=1).
Glutamatergic drugs for schizophrenia
Tuominen HJ et al. • The Cochrane database of systematic reviews (2006)
In general, all glutamatergic drugs appeared to be ineffective in further reducing positive symptoms of the disease when added to the existing antipsychotic treatment.
- NMDA receptor co-agonists glycine and D-serine showed some effects in reducing the negative symptoms of schizophrenia (n=132, SMD -0.66, CI -1.0 to -0.3, p=0.0004), but the magnitude of the effect was moderate.
- Available rating scale data on positive symptoms and cognitive functioning did not indicate a statistically significant effect of glycine or D-serine.
- In general, all glutamatergic drugs appeared to be ineffective in further reducing positive symptoms of the disease when added to the existing antipsychotic treatment.
Glutamatergic drugs for schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Tuominen HJ et al. • Schizophrenia research (2005)
In the current limited data set, a moderate amelioration of negative symptoms of schizophrenia was found, but no other statistically significant beneficial effects on symptoms of schizophrenia.
- NMDA receptor co-agonists glycine and D-serine are effective in reducing negative symptoms (N = 132, fixed effect model SMD = -0.66, 95% CI -1.02 to -0.29, p = 0.0004) of schizophrenia, the magnitude of the effect is moderate.
- D-Cycloserine, a partial agonist of NMDA receptors, is less effective towards negative symptoms (N = 119, fixed effect model SMD = -0.11, 95% CI -0.48 to 0.25, p = 0.6).
- Available derived data on cognitive functioning do not indicate a significant effect of glycine or D-serine (N = 80, random effect model WMD = -2.79, 95% CI -6.17 to 0.60, p = 0.11).